The intricate and ingenious use of rhythm is one of the most appealing features of Indian music. It is In fact a characteristic of every type of human activity. In Kerala more than any part of the country, extensive research has been undertaken in the field of rhythm. And use of rhythmic instruments particularly Ensemble playinghas assumed a high degree of Sophistication and virtuosity. Gigantic symphonies of Different type of instruments have been formulated and associating them ingeniously preserved them with temple rituals and festivals. Temple associated Communities like Marars & Poduvals were entrusted to Perform this ritual and festival symphonies. No temple Festivals in Kerala is complete without the Participation of one or more of such rhythm ensembles. These ensembles, consisting of a very large number of Artists and instruments are so diverse and Versatile that they are capable of creating a fascinating Sound environment, rhythmic patterns and percussive Accents. Some of these ensembles are pandimelam, consisting of about sixty instruments led by chenda, panchavadyam an ensemble of five different types Instruments the leading instrument being the thimila and thayambaka on chenda. These three ensembles are Closely associated with temple rituals. Mizhavu is copper drum usually used as a supporting instrument in koodiattam and other form of Sanskrit theatre. Melapadam is symphony, which developed ass a part of kathakali. There is many more such large percussion Ensembles that dominate the musical scene of Kerala.